Old Hampshire Mapped
Cox's Hampshire
Transcription (36)Normans
Domesday Book
Stephen
Maud
Waltheof
Huntingdon, Earl of
Henry I
Henry II
Margaret, Queen
House of Hanover
Richard I
Lacy, Gilbert
Henry III
de Raleigh, William
Winchester, Bishop of
de Mountfort, Simon
Winchester Castle
Jews
Edmund
Richard II
Parliament
Henry IV
Joan, Queen
Henry V
Mary I
Philip, Prince
Charles I
Waller, William, Sir
Cromwell
Charles II
James II
Anne
George, Prince
In the Norman Times it much flourished, and the Archives (or publick Records) were kept in this City. It continued long in a prosperous Condition, and tho' it suffered something by one or two accidental Fires, and was plundered by the insolent Soldiers in the Civil Wars between K. Stephen and the Empress Maud (which the Poet Necham laments) yet all these Losses were sufficiently repaired by King Edward III. who settled a publick Mart here for Cloth and Wool, which was commonly called the Staple.
Many remarkable Transactions have been done in this City: Waltheof, Earl of Huntingdon, was beheaded here two Years after the Conqueror's Accession to the Throne. King Henry I. took his Wife Maud, the Daughter of Malcolm, King of Scots, and Great Grand Daughter to Edmund Ironside, by his Son Edward, the Banished, out of a Nunnery here. By this Marriage the Saxon and Norman Blood were united, and possessed the Kingdom in King Henry II. Grand child of King Henry I. by his Daughter Maud.
'Twas here that King Henry II. before mentioned, held a Parliament in the Year 1172, and was crowned with his Queen Margaret, the French King's Daughter, by Rotred, Archibishop of Roan. Here the Dutchess of Saxony, his Daughter, was delivered of a Son, named William, from whom the illustrious House of Hanover is descended. A. D. 1184 King Richard I. when he went to the Holy War, commiting this Castle to the keeping of Hugh, Bishop of Durham, who had bought the Earldom of Northumberland of him, as one of the most important Places in his Dominions; but there being some Grounds of Suspicion, that Earl John, King Richard's Brother, intended to usurp the Throne, Gilbert Lacy secured this Castle for the King; who, returning from the Holy Land, was crowned here again, tho' he had been before crowned at Westminster by Baldwin, Archbishop of Canterbury, 1189.
King Henry III. was born in this City, Octob. 1, 1207. his Father, King John, keeping his Court here, while the Dauphin of France made Wars upon him by the Assistance of the Barons, and was successful in the Eastern Parts, because this Place was firm to his Interest in all his Trouble. King Henry III. kept his Christmas here in 1239, and four Years after the Mayor and Citizens kept out William de Raleigh, made Bishop of Winchester by the Pope, because the King did not approve of his obtaining that See without his Licence; but Raleigh excommunicated them; and would not take off his Curse, till that King had pardoned and received him as Bishop.
When the Barons rose in the same King's Reign, Simon de Mountfort, the Earl of Leicester's Son, took Winchester Castle and sack'd the City, putting all the Jews he found in it to the Sword; but the Earl of Leicester being soon after slain himself, King Henry came hither and held a Parliament in which the Court Party prevailed over the Barons. In this City also, Edmund Plantagenet, King Edward III.'s Uncle, was beheaded at the Castle Gate by the Procurement of the Queen Mother, and Mortimer her Favourite.
King Richard II. held a Parliament here in 1393, and King Henry IV. his Successor, was married to Queen Joan, Widow of the Duke of Bretagne. In this City also K. Henry V. gave Audience to the French Embassadors who came to beg a Peace of him; but they did it in such insolent Terms, that he soon after invaded France. Queen Mary I. was likewise married to Prince Philip, afterward King of Spain, in 1554, here.
In the Wars between King Charles I. and his Parliament, Sir William Waller seized this City for the latter, Anno 1642, being assisted by General Cromwell. It was afterwrad taken by the Royalists, and the Lord Ogle made Governor of it, but he not long after was forced to resign it to Cromwell. While it was in the Possession of the Parliament Party, the Garrison at Basing house was very troublesome to them.
After the Resoration, the two Kings Charles II. and James II. made several Progresses to this City, especially while the Royal Palace before mentioned was in building. Queen Anne visited it also soon after her Marriage to George, Prince of Denmark.
next
